在公司管理中，经常会出现一些经营管理类法律文书，如被称为公司“小宪法”的公司章程、董事会决议、隐名股东与显名股东之间的委托持股协议、股权凭证和银行资信证明等。另外，对于中外合资经营企业和中外合作经营企业而言，合资经营协议为必备的法律文书。本章节我们将主要围绕以上几种常见法律文书展开。

一、中外合资经营协议(Sino-Foreign EquityJoint Venture Agreement)协议范文案例

在研究合资经营协议之前，我们首先应该区分中外合资经营企业与中外合作经营企业。中外合资经营企业，是指中国经营者与外国经营者按照中国法律的规定，在中国境内共同投资、共同经营，并按投资比例分享利润、分担风险及亏损的企业。而中外合作经营企业，是指中国合作者与外国合作者依照中国法律的规定，在中国境内共同举办的，按合作企业合同的约定分配收益或者产品、分担风险和亏损的企业。从定义可见，两者的主要区别在于合资经营企业是按照投资比例享受分红和分担亏损，而合作经营企业是按照双方约定分配收益和承担亏损，因此中外合作经营企业是一种契约式的合营企业。因此，以示区分，中外合资经营协议一般用英文Sino-Foreign EquityJoint Venture Agreement表达，而中外合作经营协议一般用Sino-Foreign Coopera-tive Joint Venture Agreement表达。我们在本节则主要研究中外合资经营协议的写作。

有些合资经营协议会先在序言中写明合作所依据的法律法规、合资企业适用的法律以及合资对于中国经济的促进作用等。

案例一：

Tin Joint Ventore established within Chinrse territory shall be benrficial forpmmoting the develwpment of the econonty,the enhatrcmeat nf the scienoe andteehnology of China and fuilitating China's sorialisr moderization.

案例译文：在中国境内设立的合营企业，应当能够促进中国经济的发展和科学技术水平的提高，有利于社会主义现代化建设。

案例二：

Chinse-foreign cquty joint ventures(horeimdfter nferrd tvo as jonnt venturen)etablisHed witlin Chinese territory upon the approval in aciprlanee wih the La orChinese-Foceign Equuy Jint Yenures are Chinese leyal persous,wlo sluall be gov-emed and proterefed ly Chinese law.

译文：依照《中外合资经营企业法)批准在中国境内设立的中外合资经营企业(以下前称合营企业)是中国的法人，受中国法律的管辖和保护

二、公司的成立(Formation of Joint Venture)协议范文案例

案例一：

Party A and Party B shall spare no efforts for the organization of Joint Ventureunder the laws of the Veuple's Republic of China.

The name of Joinl Venture is_ with its lrgal addness: .Ali activitins of Joimt Nentare shall comply with:the povinioms of the fiws.de-crves and pettinent regolatious af the People's Republie af China..

Joint Veature shall take the fonn of a limited Hatolity cmmpany.Thie pmfits,riaks and losses of Joint Verttarre shall be sharnd hy hoth Party A and Party.B in pro-portion tn the contrilbutiogs to the registered capilal,

The cxperises of onganizing Joint Verture shull be equally bome hy Party A aiulParty B.

译文：甲左和乙方按照中华人民共和图的法律建立合资企业。合瓷企业称为          ,地址为          。合资企业的一切活动，必须遵守中华人民共和国的法律、法令和有关条侧规定。合资企业的组织形式为有限责任公司。甲乙双方以各自认缴的出资痛对合资公司的值务承担责任。各方按其出资颜在注册资本中的比例分享利阔和分担风险及亏损。合资企业的组建费用由甲乙双方平均分担。

案例二：

Both parties agree tiat the Conquny wlsicl is a Chinese-Fareign eyuity jointyenture shull be established auwording lw hie aricles of dis Contract un the dautwhe it obains the Business Lirense wf SinoiFarrign Equity Juint Venture issterd byAdministration fur Industry and Comeree.

译文：双方同意，该中外合资企业应从工商局获发中外合资经营企业营业执照之日起成立。

三、注册资本和出资比例(Registered Capital and ContributionProportion)协议范文案例

案例一：

The tegistermd eapital of the joint venture refers io the lotad capital regtstereudwith the registration mthority fur the establislinnem of dhe joint xrnture.ll shall tethe sum af the capital contributions subseribesd by all parties to the joint vealare.'Tierogisternd cnpital is denominated in Remminbi.

译文：合资企业的注册资本，是指为设立合资企业在登记管理机构登记的资本总额，应为合资本各方认缴的出资新之和。合资企业的注册资本以人民市表示

案例二：

The registered cayital wf Jaint Veafure shall be (arimant of capital)

of whil half(509%)wll be contributed bg ssrh Partg.

译文：合资企业的注册资本为《资本金)         ,其中一半(50%》由双方共同出资。

四、股权转让(Stock Equity Transfer)协议范文案例

合资经营企业在注册的时候需要经过商务部的审批，同样，合资经营企业的股东在转让股权的时候，除了遵循普通类型的公司的股权转让规则外，还需要相关部门的批准。

案例一：

If a party to the joint venture intends to assign all or part of its investment sub-scribed to a third party,written consent shall be obtained from the other party,andapproval from the relevant competent authorities shall be required.

译文：如果合资企业任何一方有意将其全部或部分认缴出资转让给第三方，则应获得合资企业另一方的书面同意以及有关部门的批准。

案例二：

If a party proposes to transfer all or any part of its interest of the Joint Venture,the party shall notify the other party in writing of the terms and conditions of the pro-posed transfer at least thirty(30)days in advance.

译文：如果一方提出转让其在合营企业的全部或部分利益，则该方应至少提前三十(30)天以书面形式通知另一方拟转让的条款与条件。

五、不竞争(Non-compete)协议范文案例

案例一：

Except as agreed by the foreign shareholder in writing beforehand,the Chineseshareholder shall not facilitate each of its affiliated parties at any time during the pe-riod from the date when this Contract is signed to expiration of two(2)years afterthe Chinese shareholder ceases to act as the shareholder of the Company,directly orindireclly to induce or try to induce those which are or have been the customers,sup-pliers,agents,traders,distributors or clients of the Company or any person,partner orcompany which has got used of transactions with the Company to leave the Company.

译文：除非经外方股东事先书面同意，自本合同签订日起至中方股东不再作为公司股东之日后的二(2)年期限届满之日止的这段期间内的任何时间，中方股东不得且应促使其每一关联方不得，直接或间接地招引或试图诱使任何公司当前的顾客、供应商、代理商、贸易商、分销商或客户或已习惯同公司交易的任何人士、合伙商或公司离开公司。

注：本句结构比较复杂，我们可以提取句子主干为：the Chinese share-holder shall not facilitate each of its affiliated parties to induce or try to induce thoseor any person,partner or company,句子结构为：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补，其中主语为the Chinese shareholder,谓语为shall not facilitate,宾语为each of itsaffiliated parties,补语为to induce or try to induce those or any person,partner orcompany.下划线部分是时间状语，该时间状语导致句子宾语和宾语补足语被隔离，从而导致阅读困难。

案例二：

Branches set up by a joint venture in foreign countries or in Hong Kong SAR orMacao SAR shall submit their annual balance sheet and annual profit statement to theState Administration of Exchange Control or its branches through the joint venture.

译文：合营企业在国外或者港澳地区设立分支机构，其年度资产负债表和年度利润表，应当通过合营企业报送国家外汇管理局或者其分局。

案例三：

A joint venture may,in light of its operation needs,apply to financial institu-tions in China for loans in foreign exchange and in Renminbi.It may also borrowfunds in foreign exchange from banks abroad or in Hong Kong SAR or Macao SAR inaccordance with the relevant stipulations of the State and carry out the procedures forregistration or filing for the record with the State Administration of Exchange Controlor one of its branches.

译文：合营企业根据经营业务的需要，可以向境内的金融机构申请外汇贷款和人民币贷款，也可以按照国家有关规定从国外或者港澳地区的银行借入外汇资金，并向国家外汇管理局或者其分局办理登记或者备案手续。

案例四：

After paying taxes on their salaries and other legitimate incomes according tolaw and deducting their expenses in China,foreign employees and employees fromHong Kong SAR and Macao SAR may remit the remainder of their foreign exchangeout of China in accordance with the relevant stipulations of the State.

译文：合营企业的外籍职工和港澳职工的工资和其他正当收益，依法纳税后，减去在中国境内的花费，其剩余部分可以按照国家有关规定购汇汇出。

案例五：

The staff and workers of the company shall pay individual income tax in accord-ance with the relevant PRC laws and regulations.All profits and salaries of the expa-triate staff of the company may be freely remitted out of the PRC,provided that mat-ters relating to taxation and foreign exchange control shall be handled in accordancewith the relevant laws and regulations of PRC.

译文：公司职工应按中国有关法律法规缴纳个人所得税。公司外籍员工的所有利润和工资可以自由的汇出中国，但条件是与税收、外汇管理有关的事宜须按中国的有关法律法规办理。

案例六：

All transactions of the Company's foreign exchange shall be handled through theBank of China or other banks authorized by the State Administration of ExchangeControl.

译文：公司的所有外汇交易，应通过中国银行或国家外汇管理局授权的其他银行办理。